Effects of Intranasal Phototherapy on Nasal Microbial Flora in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of intranasal phototherapy on nasal microbial flora in patients with allergic rhinitis.
This prospective, self-comparised, single blind study was performed on patients with a history of at least two years of moderate-to-severe perennial allergic rhinitis that was not controlled by anti-allergic drugs. Thirty-one perennial allergic rhinitis patients were enrolled in this study. Before starting the test population on their intranasal phototherapy, the same trained person took a nasal culture from each subject by applying a sterile cotton swab along each side of the nostril and middle meatus. Each intranasal cavity was irradiated three times a week for two weeks with increasing doses of irradiated. At the end of the intranasal phototherapy, nasal cultures were again obtained from the each nostril The study found that after intranasal phototherapy, the scores for total nasal symptoms decreased significantly but bacterial proliferation was not significantly different before and after phototherapy.
We have shown that intranasal phototherapy does not change the aerobic nasal microbial flora in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis.
1. Kay AB. Allergy and allergic diseases: first of two parts.N Engl J Med 2001; 344:30-7.
2. Togias A. Rhinitis and asthma: evidence for respiratory system integration. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003;111:1171-83.
3. Koreck AI, Csoma Z, Bodai L, Ignacz F, Kenderessy AS, Kadocsa E, et al. Rhinophototherapy: a new therapeutic tool for the management of allergic rhinitis. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2005; 115(3):541-7.
4. Law AW, Reed SD, Sundy JS, Schulman KA. Direct costs of allergic rhinitis in the United States: estimates from the 1996 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2003; 111:296-300.
5. Cingi C, Cakli H, Yaz A, Songu M, Bal C. Phototherapy for allergic rhinitis: a prospective, randomized, single- blind, placebo-controlled study. Ther Adv Respir Dis 2010; 4(4):209-13.
6. Salib RJ, Howarth PH. Safety and tolerability profiles of intranasal antihistamines and intranasal corticosteroids in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Drug Saf 2003; 26:863-93.
7. Cingi C, Yaz A, Cakli H, Ozudogru E, Kecik C, Bal C.The effects of phototherapy on quality of life in allergic rhinitis cases. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2009;266(12):1903-8.
8. Savolainen S, Ylikoski J, Jousimies-Somer H. The bacterial flora of the nasal cavity in healthy young men. Rhinology 1986; 24:249–55.
9. Tanaka I, Suzuki K, Tanaka E, Baba S. Investigation of normal bacterial flora in the upper respiratory tract. Acta Otolaryngol 1996; 525:44–5.
10. Bousquet J, Khaltaev N, Cruz AA, Denburg J, Fokkens WJ, Togias A, et al. Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma (ARIA) 2008 update (in collaboration with the World Health Organization, GA(2)LEN and AllerGen). Allergy. 2008; 63 Suppl 86:8-160.
11. Koreck A, Csoma Z, Ignácz F, Bodai L, Kadocsa E, Szabó G, et al. Intranasal phototherapy for the treatment of allergic rhinitis. Orv Hetil.2005; 146(19):965–9
12. Koreck A, Bella Z, Kadocsa E, Perenyi A, Tiszlavicz L,Nemeth I, et al. Intranasal PUVA phototherapy in nasal polyposis a pilot study. Roum Arch Microbiol Immunol.2010; 69(1):20-3.
13. Vermeer BJ, Hurks M. The clinical relevance of immunosuppression by UV irradiation. J Photochem Photobiol B 1994; 24(3):149-54.
14. Eviatar E, Kessler A, Segal S, Vaiman M, Kalmovich LM. Effects of septoplasty on the nasal flora. Am J Rhinol 2006; 20(1):40-2.
15. Klossek JM, Dubreuil L, Pharm D. Bacteriology of the adult middle meatus. J Laryngol Otol 1996; 110:847–9.
16. Su WY, Liu C, Hung SY, Tsai WF. Bacteriological study in chronic maxillary sinusitis. Laryngoscope 1983;93:931-4.
17. Ylikoski J, Savolainen S, Jousimies-Somer H. Bacterial flora in the nasopharynx and nasal cavity of healthy young men. Otorhinolaryngology 1989; 51:50–5.
18. Lanza DC, Dhong HJ, Tantilipikorn P, Tanabodee J, Nadel DM, Kennedy DW. Endoscopically guided sinus cultures in normal subjects. Am J Rhinol 1999; 13:87–90.
19. Jousimies-Somer HR, Savolainen S, Ylikoski JS.Comparison of the nasal bacterial floras in two groups of healthy subjects and in patients with acute maxillarysinusitis. Clin Microbiol 1989; 27: 2736–43.
20. Silva SH, Guedes AC, Gontijo B, Ramos AM, Carmo LS, Farias LM, et al. Influence of narrow-band UVB phototherapy on cutaneous microbiota of children with atopic dermatitis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2006;20(9):1114-20.
21. Leong SC. Rhinophototherapy: gimmick or an emerging treatment option for allergic rhinitis? Rhinology 2011; 49:499-506.
Files | ||
Issue | Vol 12, No 3 (2013) | |
Section | Articles | |
Keywords | ||
Adult Allergic rhinitis Allergy Bacteriology İntranasal phototherapy Middle nasal meatus Nasal microbial flora Phototherapy |
Rights and permissions | |
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License. |