Immediate Type Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions and Associated Risk Factors in an Adult Turkish Men Population

Abstract

The study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of immediate-type hypersensitivity reactions (HRs) to drugs in workers.
The data consisted of 1152 questionnaires obtained from adult men that consisted of questions on HRs induced by drugs. The prevalence of self-reported drug HRs was 3.6% for all reactions. HRs were most common to beta-lactam antibiotics (51.2%) followed by nonsteroid antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) (41.5%). Multivariate analysis showed that family atopy was associated with drug HRs to both antibiotics (Odds Ratio (OR) 95% Confidence Interval (CI) (3.32 (1.15-9.56)) and NSAIDs (3.70 (1.09-12.51)). Drug HRs of any type were associated with atopic family history (3.23 (1.43-7.24)), ever asthma diagnosis (2.74 (1.07-7.02)), ever allergic rhinitis (2.70 (1.25-5.84)), and ever eczema (3.80 (1.55-9.30)). Drug related skin manifestations were associated with family history of atopic diseases (4.07 (1.76-9.41)), ever allergic rhinitis (2.84 (1.24-6.5)), ever asthma diagnosis (3.16 (1.19-8.39)), and ever eczema diagnosis (4.59 (1.82-11.57)). Systemic manifestations of drug HRs were associated with only asthma diagnosis (4.66 (1.25-17.41)).
Risk groups should be followed closely as candidates for immediate type HRs to antibiotics and NSAIDs in also relatively healthy and young aged adult men.