Brief Communication
  

Evaluation of NLRP3 and IL-18 Levels after Periodontal Therapy

NLRP3 and IL-18 Levels after Periodontal Therapy

Abstract

The progression of periodontitis depends on interactions between the periodontal pathogens and the host immune cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Production of IL-1β is regulated by NOD-like receptors family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3). This study aimed to evaluate the effect of periodontal treatment on the concentrations of IL-18 and NLRP3 in patients with chronic periodontitis.
In this experimental study, 18 patients with chronic periodontitis and a mean age of 46.2±8.95 years, were included. The gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) was collected at the beginning of the study, 4 weeks after non-surgical (phase I), and 4 weeks after surgical periodontal treatment. The levels of NLRP3 and IL-18 were measured; using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Pearson correlation test was used to analyze the concentration of NLRP3 and IL-18 before and after the treatments with CAL and PD.
There was a significant association between the level of NLRP3 and the mean values of PD and CAL before treatment. After each treatment phase, a significant decrease was observed in the NLRP3 level. There was no significant relationship between IL-18 and clinical parameters before and after periodontal treatments.
Given the possible association between the level of NLRP3 and clinical parameters, we suggest it as a possible indicator of inflammation in chronic periodontitis and an index for evaluating the treatment outcome.

1. Zekeridou A, Giannopoulou C, Cancela J, Courvoisier D, Mombelli A. Effect of initial periodontal therapy on gingival crevicular fluid cytokine profile in subjects with chronic periodontitis. Clin Exp Dent Res. 2017;3(2):62-8.
2. Bostanci N, Emingil G, Saygan B, Turkoglu O, Atilla G, Curtis MA, et al. Expression and regulation of the NALP3 inflammasome complex in periodontal diseases. Clin Exp Immunol. 2009;157(3):415-22.
3. Yamasaki K, Muto J, Taylor KR, Cogen AL, Audish D, Bertin J, et al. NLRP3/cryopyrin is necessary for interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) release in response to hyaluronan, an endogenous trigger of inflammation in response to injury. J Biol Chem. 2009;284(19):12762-71.
4. Jin C, Flavell RA. Molecular Mechanism of NLRP3 Inflammasome Activation. J Clin Immunol. 2010;30(5):628-31.
5. Marchesan JT, Girnary MS, Moss K, Monaghan ET, Egnatz GJ, Jiao Y, et al. Role of inflammasomes in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and therapeutics. Periodontol 2000. 2020;82(1):93-114.
6. Pradeep AR, Hadge P, Chowdhry S, Patel S, Happy D. Exploring the role of Th1 cytokines: interleukin-17 and interleukin-18 in periodontal health and disease. J Oral Sci. 2009;51(2):261-6.
7. Aral K, Milward MR, Kapila Y, Berdeli A, Cooper PR. Inflammasomes and their regulation in periodontal disease: A review. J Periodontal Res. 2020;55(4):473-87.
8. Nair V, Bandyopadhyay P, Kundu D, Das S. Estimation of interleukin-18 in the gingival crevicular fluid and serum of Bengali population with periodontal health and disease. J Indian Soc Periodontol. 2016;20(3):260-4.
9. Nazar Majeed Z, Philip K, Alabsi AM, Pushparajan S, Swaminathan D. Identification of Gingival Crevicular Fluid Sampling, Analytical Methods, and Oral Biomarkers for the Diagnosis and Monitoring of Periodontal Diseases: A Systematic Review. Dis Markers. 2016;2016:1804727.
10. Papapanou PN, Sanz M, Buduneli N, Dietrich T, Feres M, Fine DH, et al. Periodontitis: Consensus report of workgroup 2 of the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri‐Implant Diseases and Conditions. J Periodontol. 2018;89:S173-S82.
11. Carranza F. Newman And Carranza’s Clinical Periodontology. China: WB Saunders Elsevier; 2019..
12. Park E, Na HS, Song YR, Shin SY, Kim YM, Chung J. Activation of NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes by Porphyromonas gingivalis infection. Infect Immun. 2014;82(1):112-23.
13. Montenegro Raudales JL, Yoshimura A, Sm Z, Kaneko T, Ozaki Y, Ukai T, et al. Dental Calculus Stimulates Interleukin-1beta Secretion by Activating NLRP3 Inflammasome in Human and Mouse Phagocytes. PLoS One. 2016;9(11):e0162865.
14. Belibasakis GN, Johansson A. Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans targets NLRP3 and NLRP6 inflammasome expression in human mononuclear leukocytes. Cytokine. 2012;59(1):124-30.
15. Mei Q-G. Correlation of NLRP3 inflammasome expression in periodontitis tissue with inflammatory response and alveolar bone resorption. J Hainan Med Univ. 2018;24(12):80-4.
16. Turkoglu O, Emingil G, Kutukculer N, Atilla G. Gingival crevicular fluid levels of cathelicidin LL-37 and interleukin-18 in patients with chronic periodontitis. J Periodontol. 2009;80(6):969-76.
17. Sanchez-Hernandez PE, Zamora-Perez AL, Fuentes-Lerma M, Robles-Gomez C, Mariaud-Schmidt RP, Guerrero-Velazquez C. IL-12 and IL-18 levels in serum and gingival tissue in aggressive and chronic periodontitis. Oral Dis. 2011;17(5):522-9.
18. Ozcaka O, Nalbantsoy A, Buduneli N. Interleukin-17 and interleukin-18 levels in saliva and plasma of patients with chronic periodontitis. J Periodontal Res. 2011;46(5):592-8.
19. Yee M, Kim A, Alpagot T, Duzgunes N, Konopka K. Porphyromonas gingivalis stimulates IL-18 secretion in human monocytic THP-1 cells. Microbes Infect. 2012;14(9):684-9.
20. Banu S, Nasimudeen R J, Manjunath N, Kamal M, Kumar K, Mohan R, et al. Correlation of TLR-4, IL-18, Transaminases and Uric Acid in the Patients With Chronic Periodontitis and Healthy Adults. J Periodontol. 2014;86(3):431-9.
21. Mahajani M, Jadhao V, Wankhade P, Samson E, Acharya V, Tekale P. Effect of Periodontal Therapy on Crevicular Fluid Interleukin-18 Level in Periodontal Health and Disease in Central Maharashtra (India) Population. J Contemp Dent Pract. 2017;18(11):1085-9.
22. de Campos BO, Fischer RG, Gustafsson A, Figueredo CM. Effectiveness of non-surgical treatment to reduce il-18 levels in the gingival crevicular fluid of patients with periodontal disease. Braz Dent J. 2012;23(4):428-32.
Files
IssueVol 20 No 6 (2021) QRcode
SectionBrief Communication
DOI https://doi.org/10.18502/ijaai.v20i6.8028
Keywords
Chronic periodontitis Interleukin-18 NLRP3 protein
Rights and permissions
Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
How to Cite
1.
Shahbeik S, Taleghani F, Sattari M, Mahvash Mohammadi M, Moravej M. Evaluation of NLRP3 and IL-18 Levels after Periodontal Therapy. Iran J Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2021;20(6):764-770.