Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 17 1 2018 02 26 1 8 EN Zahra Alizadeh Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Marzieh Mazinani Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Esmaeil Mortaz Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Reza Fazlollahi Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ian Adcock Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom Mostafa Moein Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2016 11 15 2017 07 08 Different phenotypes of asthma from mild to severe are categorized based on diverse clinical features. A guideline for the recognition and treatment of asthma has been provided by Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA). To control symptoms and prevent asthma exacerbation in most patients combinational therapy with inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) and a long acting B2-adrenreceptor agonist (LABA) are recommended. Understanding asthma phenotypes would be helpful to improve asthma diagnosis and treatment. The aim of this study was to verify glucocorticoid receptor glcococorticoid receptor (GR) nuclear translocation in CD4 T cells treated with fluticasone furoate (FF), vilanterol (V) and FF/V combination in severe asthmatic patients compare to patients with moderate asthma and healthy controls using Immunocytochemistry (ICC). After taking blood and separating PBMCs from each subject, CD4 T cells were isolated from PBMCs using CD4+ T cell isolation kit. Isolated CD4 T cells were cultured in presence of FF, V and FF/V combination for 1 hour and after cytocentrifugation, cells were incubated with anti GR-antibody and subsequently stained with FITC bound secondary antibody and GR nuclear translocation was observed under microscope. The results showed significant increasing in GR nuclear translocation in treated CD4 T cells from patients with moderate asthma and controls compare to those severe asthmatic patients, along with treating cells with FF/V combination no significant GR nuclear translocation was observed compare to that of using mono treatment of cells with FF and V. Based on our findings, it can be concluded different mechanisms are responsible for severe asthma and moderate asthma.   https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/1146 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/1146/810

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 17 1 2018 02 26 85 93 EN Marzieh Tavakol Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran AND Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Shahid Bahonar Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran Seyed Alireza Mahdaviani Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mir Reza Ghaemi Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Vaezi Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Atosa Dorudinia Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hamidreza Jamaati Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ali Akbar Velayati Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2016 11 02 2017 08 01 Good’s syndrome, the adult onset hypogammaglobulinemia associated with thymoma has been explained about six decades ago. It generally presents with recurrent infections and several paraneoplastic syndromes including myasthenia gravis, pure red cell aplasia, connective tissue disorders, superior vena cava, Horner’s syndrome, lichen planus and inflammatory bowel disease. Lack of B cell, dysfunction of T cell, CD4+ T cell lymphopenia, reversed CD4/CD8+ T cell ratio, autoantibodies against Th17 related cytokines have been respected as the pathogenesis of the immune dysregulation this syndrome. A 57-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with a history of thymectomy due to thymoma (Type A) 6 years ago. He developed weight loss and recurrent persistent diarrhea caused by isospora belli. His chest CT scan revealed bilateral bronchiectasis. His laboratory data showed hypogammaglobulinemia and he was treated by monthly IVIG with the diagnosis of good’s syndrome. Nevertheless he referred again with left sided loss of vision because of CMV retinitis and he also developed nail candidiasis. Good’s syndrome should be considered in every patient with a history of thymoma and recurrent infection. Immunologic evaluation of these patients including measurement of the serum level of immunoglobulin as well as B cell and T cell subgroups should be performed. Physicians must be aware and think about this entity in patients with adult onset immunodeficiency. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/1115 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/1115/807

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 17 1 2018 02 26 94 96 EN Stefanie Aurich Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany AND LICA-Leipziger Interdisziplinäres Centrum für Allergologie, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany Jan-Christoph Simon Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany AND LICA-Leipziger Interdisziplinäres Centrum für Allergologie, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany Regina Treudler Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany AND LICA-Leipziger Interdisziplinäres Centrum für Allergologie, University Hospital, Leipzig, Germany 2016 06 24 2016 07 25 We report a 78 year-old non-atopic female with polyneuropathy who started to receive monthly intramuscular injections of thiamine hydrochloride. She had an anaphylaxis after the fourth injection. Skin prick test (SPT) with pure commercially available aqueous preparations was positive for thiamine hydrochloride. A titrated, single blinded, placebo-controlled oral provocation test with thiamine hydrochloride was well tolerated. The patient was then diagnosed as compartment allergy with hypersensitivity to parenteral but not to oral thiamine. Because in our patient, oral intake of thiamine has never been reported to lead to any adverse reaction. Oral tolerability might be due to the uptake mechanism of thiamine in the gastrointestinal system. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/981 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/981/808

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 17 1 2018 02 26 9 17 EN Abbas Ahmadi-Vasmehjani Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran Rasoul Baharlou Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Reza Atashzar Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran Rahim Raofi Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran Mohammad Jafari Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran Faezeh-Sadat Razavi Department of Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran 2017 03 02 2017 08 26 Asthma prevalence and severity are greater in women than in men, and mounting evidence suggests this is in part related to female steroid sex hormones. Conflicting data are reported regarding pro- and anti-inflammatory properties of estradiol. This study was designed to clarify whether estradiol may contribute to enhanced T helper (Th) 17-associated cytokines production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in asthmatic patients and healthy individuals. PBMCs from patients with asthma and healthy donors were cultured with 17-β estradiol (E2) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA). The quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to measure IL-6, IL-17, IL-23 and TGF-β. We observed a significant increased IL-17, IL-23 and TGF-β expression in PBMCs of patients compared to the healthy individuals. In addition, our findings indicated that IL-6 and IL-17 expressions in PBMCs were induced, following E2 treatment. Our results identified an impact of E2 in stimulation of Th17 phenotype, and upon hormonal oscillations and hormone replacement therapy (HRT), asthma inflammation may be mediated by Th17-associated cytokines. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/1339 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/1339/811

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 17 1 2018 02 26 97 99 EN Selçuk Yazıcı Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, Balıkesir University, Balıkesir, Turkey Hikmet Nacaroglu Department of Pediatrics, Behçet Uz Children Hospital, İzmir, Turkey Semiha Bahçeci Erdem Department of Pediatrics, Behçet Uz Children Hospital, İzmir, Turkey Sait Karaman Department of Pediatrics, Behçet Uz Children Hospital, İzmir, Turkey Demet Can Division of Pediatric Allergy, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Faculty, Balıkesir University, Balıkesir, Turkey 2016 08 02 2017 06 03 We present a 13-year-old male childallergic to three different plants (Salvia officinalis, Mentha piperita and Origanum onites L.) of Lamiaceae family. The patient developed angioedema 20-30 minutes after eating chicken meat with cheddar cheese. There was no history of allergy. Oral food challenge (OFC) with both cheddar cheese and chicken meat was negative. Skin tests for inhalant allergens were negative. 3 weeks later, the patient was admitted with angioedema after drinking sage tea. OFC with sage was applied and angioedema was observed. It was recognized that the first trigger, chicken meat with cheddar cheese, included oregano (Origanum onites L.). OFC for oregano was positive. Prick to prick test for Lamiaceae herbs (oregano, sage, mint) was performed. A positive reaction was observed only to mint. OFC was repeated with fresh mint and angioedema developed after 16 hours. Diagnose of Lamiaceae allergy is complicated and cross-sensitivity is common. Skin prick test (prick to prick)revealed a positive response only to mint but not to oregano and sage. Commercial radioallergosorbent (RAST) tests are available only for a few members of the family. Finally, thediagnose is based mainly on OFC. Spices from Lamiaceae group should be considered as potential triggers of allergic reactions. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/1023 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/1023/809

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 17 1 2018 02 26 18 28 EN Qi Gao Respiratory Department, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China Huijie Huang Department of Allergy, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China Kang Zhu Department of Allergy, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China Xiaoying Liu Department of Allergy, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China Xiaoling Hou Department of Allergy, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China Hui Guan Department of Allergy, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China Yongge Liu Department of Allergy, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China Deli Xin Department of Pediatrics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China Li Xiang Department of Allergy, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China AND China National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China Kunling Shen Respiratory Department, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children’s Health, Beijing, China AND China National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China Xin Ni Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery Department, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China 2017 02 24 2017 07 23 In the current study, we sought to track the clinical course of children under control-based asthma management and focused on respiratory pathogens monitoring. We prospectively explored influencing factors for asthma control. 121 children with uncontrolled asthma between 3-14 years of age were recruited. Common respiratory pathogens were detected with pharyngeal swabs and serum aeroallergen-specific IgE was measured. Numeric asthma control scores, airway resistance and fractional concentrations of exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) were evaluated. A proper control-based asthma management plan was established by the study physician. Regular reviews were performed, with the above measurements retested at set time intervals. The proportion of patients achieving asthma control at 1 month and 3 months were 59% and 76% ; respectively (p=0.013). These patients exhibited significant improvement in numeric scores and lung function parameters. The prevalence of common respiratory pathogens did not significantly differ between reviews. The number of sensitized aeroallergens significantly increased with age (r=0.235, p=0.010). Children with a high visual analogue scale (VAS) score for asthma at baseline were less likely to achieve asthma control after 1 month, while those sensitized to more aeroallergens were more likely to achieve asthma control after 1 month (p=0.016 and 0.012). In summary, children with asthma showed significant improvements in control rates and lung function during control-based asthma management, independent of respiratory pathogens testing reults. Patients with high VAS scores and fewer sensitizations to aeroallergens had difficulty achieving short-term asthma control. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/1328 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/1328/801

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 17 1 2018 02 26 29 38 EN Jian-Qiang Huang Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China Xiao-Yang Chen Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China Fang Huang Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China Ji-Min Fan Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China Xiao-Wei Shi Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China Yan-Kai Ju Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China 2017 04 03 2017 09 04 Connexion 43 (Cx43), a gap junction protein, is expressed abundantly in the airway and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of asthma. However, the effects of blocking Cx43 in asthma remain unclear. We investigated the therapeutic effects of two specific Cx43 inhibitors (Gap26 and Gap27) on the development of allergic airway disease in mice. Allergic asthma was induced in BALB/c mice by sensitization and challenge with ovalbumin (OVA). Different doses of Cx43 inhibitors were administered by aerosol inhalation 1 h after OVA challenge on days 21 and 23. Airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), lung pathology, mucus production, and inflammatory cells and cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were examined. We found that Gap26 significantly inhibited OVA-induced AHR, inflammatory cell infiltration surrounding the bronchia, mucus production, inflammatory cells and cytokines in BALF, and OVA-specific IgE in the serum in a dose-dependent manner. Gap27 showed effects similar to those of Gap26 in inhibiting inflammatory cytokine production in BALF. We conclude Cx43 inhibitor inhalation alleviates asthma featuresin mice and may be a promising therapy for clinical asthma.   https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/1387 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/1387/804

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 17 1 2018 02 26 39 46 EN Guihua Song Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China Yan Zhang Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China Kun Zhao Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China Mengmeng Sun Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China Pengju Cheng Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China Jing Wang Department of Pediatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China 2017 04 13 2017 09 18 Allergic asthma is a complex and chronic inflammatory airway disease. The thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) signaling pathway plays an important role in asthma. Xiaoqinglong Decoction (XQL) is the first choice to treat cold asthma in clinical settings. In this study, the role of the TSLP pathway in the onset of asthma and the protective mechanism of XQL were investigated. A total of 50 female mice were randomly divided into the following groups: the blank group (A), the model group (B), the XQL group (C), the dexamethasone group (D), and the XQL + dexamethasone group (E). Asthma was induced with ovalbumin, and corresponding drug intervention was carried out for 7 days, after which serum and lung tissue end points were analyzed. Serum interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), and TSLP levels were higher in group B than in group A (p<0.05). However these levels were lower in group C and D than in group B (p<0.05), and there was no significant difference between groups C and D (p>0.05). Interestingly, these end points were significantly lower in group E than in groups C and D (p<0.05). Regarding pathologic changes, the inflammatory infiltrate in the lungs of groups C, D, and E was lower than that of group B, especially in group E. We conclude that the TSLP pathway plays an important role in the course of asthma, and can be used as an important target for asthma treatment; XQL may play a role in reducing inflammation and relieving asthma by regulating the TSLP signaling pathway. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/1410 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/1410/812

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 17 1 2018 02 26 47 55 EN Najmeh khosravianfar Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Jamshid Hadjati Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Afshin Namdar Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Roobina Boghozian Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Morteza Hafezi Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mahboubeh Ashourpour Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Nasim Kheshtchin Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mahsa Banitalebi Department of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran Reza Mirzaei Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyed Alireza Razavi Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2017 02 26 2017 09 18 Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) are capable of suppressing the immune response. 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) compared to other chemotherapy drugs have shown considerable decreases in the number of MDSCs without visible effects on T, B and natural killer cells, as well as dendritic cells (DCs). DC-based vaccines considered to be appropriate candidates for cancer immunotherapy. However, due to the presence of various factors like MDSCs in tumor microenvironment, DC vaccine cannot effectively perform its function. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of low doses of 5-FU on the efficacy of DC-based vaccines in preventing and treating of melanoma tumor model. This research was performed on 28 melanoma tumor bearing C57BL/6 female mice. The mice were randomly divided to 4 groups, group 1 is control population while group 2 and 3 were treated with DC vaccine and 5-FU respectively and group 4 was treated with both DC Vaccine and 5-FU. The mice survival, tumor growth rate, number of MDSC and CD8+/ CD107a+ T cells in mice spleen were evaluated in each group with maximum result in group 4. Our results revealed that combination of DC vaccine and 5-FU reduced number of MDSCs (3%) and also tumor growth rate(10%)(p<0.05) and increased mice survival (70%) and increased CD8+ /CD107a+ T cells (25%). This study have shown that combinational therapy with DC vaccine improved immunity in tumor mice compared to the therapy consisting of DC vaccine or 5-FU only. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/1331 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/1331/813

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 17 1 2018 02 26 56 67 EN Theodoros Eleftheriadis Department of Nephrology, Medical School, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece Georgios Pissas Department of Nephrology, Medical School, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece Vassilios Liakopoulos Department of Nephrology, Medical School, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece Ioannis Stefanidis Department of Nephrology, Medical School, University of Thessaly, Larissa, Greece 2017 05 06 2017 07 24 Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO) suppresses T-cell function at least in part by altering cell metabolism. Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) increases upon T-cell activation and alters cell metabolism favoring their differentiation to effector cells. The effect of IDO on HIF-1α expression and activity was evaluated. For this purpose, mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) was performed using the IDO inhibitor 1-DL-methyl-tryptophan and the p53 inhibitor pifithrin-α. L-tryptophan degradation and cell proliferation were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, whereas the expression of proteins of interest by western blotting. IDO inhibited cell proliferation, and in MLR-derived T-cells increased HIF-1α and p53, whereas it decreased c-Myc. Inhibition of p53 abrogated IDO-induced HIF-1α upregulation. IDO increased the p53 transcriptional targets p21 and TP53-induced glycolysis and apoptosis regulator. The transcriptional targets of both HIF-1α and c-Myc, hexokinase II and lactate dehydrogenase-A were decreased by IDO. Phosphorylated pyruvate dehydrogenase remained unaffected indicating that pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, a transcriptional target of HIF-1α, is not affected by IDO. In human alloreactive T-cells, IDO up-regulates HIF-1α, by inducing p53 overexpression. However, HIF-1α remains transcriptionally inactive. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/1454 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/1454/814

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 17 1 2018 02 26 68 77 EN Hadi Bazzazi Department of Molecular Medicine, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran Mehrdad Aghaei Golestan Rheumatology Research Center (GRRC), Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran Ali Memarian Stem Cell Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran Hossein Asgarian-Omran Immunogenetics Research Center, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Nasser Behnampour Public Health Department, Faculty of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran Yaghoub Yazdani Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran 2017 05 22 2017 10 25 The Th17, Th1 and dual Th17/Th1 cells are important players in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease. To assess their roles, the frequency and impact of these cells were investigated in patients with different disease activity. In 14 new cases and 41 established RA patients in comparison with 22 healthy controls, the percentages of Th17, Th1 and dual Th17/Th1 cells were determined by flow-cytometry and their correlations were investigated with disease activity score (DAS28). Moreover, serum levels of IL-6 and IL-17 as inducer and functional cytokines for Th17 were investigated. Finally, serum levels of anti citrullinated protein antibody (ACPA) and rheumatoid factor (RF) were assessed. Percentage of Th17 cells in RA patients were increased in comparison with healthy controls (p<0.01). In correlation with this finding, IL-17 and IL-6 cytokines in RA patients also increased (p<0.01). The Th1 cells in RA patients were less than healthy group (p<0.05) and showed negative correlation with disease activity (r=-0.328, p<0.01). Dual Th17/Th1 cell only in new cases of RA were more than healthy control groups (p<0.01). The Th1/Th17 ratio in RA patients is statistically different with healthy control group (p<0.01) and it has negative correlation with disease activity (r=-264, p<0.05). The levels of ACPA and RF were increased with disease progression. Decreasing of Th1/Th17 ratio in RA patient suggested a new paradigm in the field of autoimmune disease and indicated that imbalance or plasticity between these subsets can be important in progress, diagnosis and therapy of RA disease. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/1475 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/1475/805

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 17 1 2018 02 26 78 84 EN Abbas Arj Department of Gastroentrology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Mohsen Razavizadeh Department of Gastroentrology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Hanieh Mohammadi Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Hassan Nikoueinejad Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hossein Akbari Department of Community Medicine, Kashan University of medical sciences, Kashan, Iran 2017 03 07 2017 07 10 Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory bowel disease, yet its etiology as well as pathogenesis remain poorly understood. There is increasing evidence that aberrant expression of CD4+T lymphocytes plays an essential role in the progression of different pathologies such as UC. This study aimed to evaluate the circulatory frequency of T-helper 22 (Th22), a subset of CD4+ T cells, and serum level of its signature cytokine, IL-22, in patients with UC. Blood samples from 30 patients with UC and 30 controls (n=30) were tested for IL-22 level and circulatory Th22-cell count by ELISA and Flow cytometric analysis, respectively. Our results revealed higher serum level of IL-22 as well as circulatory frequency of Th22 cells in patients with UC compared to those in healthy controls. Notably, effective factors on severity of the disease were age, Th22, IL-22, ESR and CRP. We conclude that elevated circulating Th22 cells and their signature cytokine, IL-22, may be implicated in the pathogenesis of UC. These findings may provide preliminary experimental clues for the development of new therapies for UC and its severity judgment. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/1352 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/1352/806