Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 10 4 2011 12 15 237 242 EN Mohammad Jafar Mahmoudi Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mona Hedayat Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Nima Rezaei Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Molecular Immunology Research Center and Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ali-Akbar Saboor-Yaraghi Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Maryam Mahmoudi Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 01 The CD30 antigen seems to play a costimulatory role in maintaining the physiological balance between T-helper (Th)1/Th2 immune responses. In this study, plasma and in vitro soluble CD30 (sCD30) secretion was investigated in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) as a plausible marker of dysregulated immune response. Twenty one patients with angiographically confirmed CAD and 31 healthy controls took part in this study. The levels of the activation marker sCD30 were determined in plasma and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated and unstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures by ELISA. Plasma sCD30  levels did  not  differ significantly between  the  patients  and  controls. However,  spontaneous  sCD30  secretion  was significantly lower in  patients  with  CAD compared to controls (p < 0.001). The soluble CD30 levels were significantly increased in the supernatant of PHA-stimulated PBMCs compared to unstimulated cultures in both groups of patients and controls (p < 0.001). PHA-stimulated sCD30 secretion was found to be lower in patients compared to controls; however, the difference was not statistically significant. Plasma sCD30 levels were not statistically different in patients with chronic stable CAD, a well-known Th1-mediated disease, compared to controls;  whereas decreased spontaneous and PHA-stimulated sCD30 secretion in patients with CAD might indicate the progressive shift towards a Th1 immune response. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/315 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/315/315

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 10 4 2011 12 15 243 249 EN Katayoon Bidad Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Eisa Salehi Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mona Oraei Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ali-Akbar Saboor-Yaraghi Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Hossein Nicknam Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Molecular Immunology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 01 All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), as an active metabolite of vitamin A, has been shown to affect immune cells. This study was performed to evaluate the effect of ATRA on viability, proliferation, activation and lineage-specific transcription factors of CD4+ T cells. CD4+ T cells were  separated  from  heparinized  blood  of  healthy  donors  and  were  cultured  in conditions, some with, some without ATRA. Viability was assessed by PI  flowcytometry and proliferation was measured by MTT assay. CD69 expression was determined by flowcytometry as a measure of cell activation. Lineage-specific transcription  factors  (FOXP3,  RORγt  and  T-bet)  were  examined  by intracellular staining and flowcytometry. High doses of ATRA (0.1-1 mM) caused extensive cell death in both PBMCs and CD4+ T cells. Doses of ATRA equal to or lower than 10 µM did not  adversely affect cell viability and proliferation in comparison to  culture medium without ATRA. Doses of ATRA between 10 µM and 1nM significantly increased cell activation when compared  to  culture medium without  ATRA. ATRA could increase FOXP3+  and also FOXP3+RORγt+ T cells while it decreased RORγt+ and T-bet+ T cells. This study showed that doses of ATRA up to 10 µM are safe when using with CD4+  T cells in terms of cell viability, proliferation and activation. We  could  also  show  that  ATRA  diverts  the  human  immune  response  in  neutral conditions (without adding polarizing cytokines) by increasing FOXP3+  cells and decreasing RORγt+  cells. ATRA could be regarded as a potential therapy in inflammatory conditions and autoimmunities. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/316 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/316/316

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 10 4 2011 12 15 251 260 EN Michael P Makris Allergy Clinical Research Center, Allergy Unit, ¨Attikon¨ University Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece Christina Gratziou Asthma and Allergy Center, Evgenidion Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece Xenophon S. Aggelides Allergy Clinical Research Center, Allergy Unit, ¨Attikon¨ University Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece Sokratis P. Koulouris Allergy Clinical Research Center, Allergy Unit, ¨Attikon¨ University Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece Ioanna Koti Allergy Clinical Research Center, Allergy Unit, ¨Attikon¨ University Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece Dimitrios C Kalogeromitros Allergy Clinical Research Center, Allergy Unit, ¨Attikon¨ University Hospital, Medical School, University of Athens, Athens, Greece 2015 10 01 Allergic rhinitis and asthma share common  epidemiological features and inflammatory processes. The aim of the present study was to document the influence of natural allergen exposure in exhaled NO  (eNO)  and in spirometric parameters of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis(SAR) and to investigate the differences among subjects with positive versus negative bronchial provocation to metacholine(BPMch). Twenty-six non-smoking  patients  (13F/13M;  mean  age 28.4ys) with  a  documented history of SAR, 15 healthy, non-atopic(6F/9M;  mean age 37.1ys) and 6 non-symptomatic atopic subjects (3F/3M; mean age 36.5ys) were studied. At the first visit during pollen season each   subject   filled  symptom-score   card,   underwent   eNO   and   nasal   NO    (nNO) measurements and spirometry. BPMch was performed within the next 10 days. At the second visit out of pollen season, all measurements but BPMch were repeated. Control subjects underwent eNO and nNO measurements.  eNO  was  significantly increased  during  pollen  season  in  BPMch   positive  vs  BPMch negative(46.22±32.60  vs 17.81±12.67, p=0.014) and  vs non-atopic  controls(11.40±5.84, p<0.001) as well as atopic controls(13.56±5.34, p=0.001). No difference was detected out of pollen season in both patients’ groups. nNO values were increased only in BPMch(+) group compared to both  control  groups in pollen season (vs non-atopics  p=0.002,   vs atopics p=0.002) and only vs non-atopics out of season, p=0.004. Regression analysis has shown that the difference in FEF25-75 values (off season-in season) is a predictor of positive BPMch. eNO  is markedly increased in BPMch  patients with allergic rhinitis while mid-expiratory flow may represent an early marker of lower airway involvement in respiratory allergy. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/317 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/317/317

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 10 4 2011 12 15 261 265 EN Saeid Abediankenari Department of Microbiology and Immunology , Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Yousef Yousefzadeh Department of Microbiology and Immunology , Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Mohammad Majidi Department of Microbiology and Immunology , Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Maryam Ghasemi Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Mohammad Mahdi Nasehi Department of Pediatrics, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Javad Ghaffari Department of Pediatrics, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Reza Habibi Saravi Department of Education and Research, Mazandaran Multiple Sclerosis Society, Sari, Iran Mahmoud Abedini Department of Education and Research, Mazandaran Multiple Sclerosis Society, Sari, Iran Mitra Elyasi Department of Microbiology and Immunology , Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran 2015 10 01 Multiple  sclerosis  (MS) is  an  autoimmune  multifactorial  degenerative  disease  with detrimental affliction on central nervous system. MHC class I chain- related geneA,B(MICA and MICB) are nonclassical human leukocyte antigens that can affect on some diseases and also on transplantation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the MICA and MICB MRNA expression in multiple sclerosis patients. In this study, we evaluated MICA and MICB MRNA expression in  the  peripheral  blood  mononuclear  cells  by  reverse  transcryptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) in MS patients and normal controls. The results of this study showed that 32.6% of patients with progressive clinical outcome over expressed MICB genes in comparison with controls ( p=0.002). It is concluded that the high expression of MICB gene in MS patients is an important criterion of MS disease that it may be due to the interaction between MICB and its receptor on CD8+T or NK cells. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/318 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/318/318

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 10 4 2011 12 15 267 271 EN Hamid Abdollahi Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Saeed Shams Department of Microbiology &amp; Immunology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Mohammad Javad Zahedi Department of Gastroenterology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Sodayf Darvish Moghadam Department of Gastroenterology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Mohammad Mehdi Hayatbakhsh Department of Gastroenterology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Abdollah Jafarzadeh Department of Immunology, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran 2015 10 01 H. pylori  is a human pathogen that colonizes the epithelium of the stomach. The host immune response may influence the disease process, where cytokines play important roles in the development of disease. In this study, the concentrations of selected cytokines in the gastric antrum and stomach body mucosa and also in the serum were evaluated. Eighty patients according to their rapid urease test were divided into two groups: H. pylori positive (n=39) and H. pylori-negative (n=41). The concentrations of cytokines in biopsies and serum were determined by ELISA method. The mean TNF-α and IFN-γ levels in the infected group were significantly higher than that of uninfected patients. In contrast, IL-10 level in most patients was undetectable. The mean antral of stomach TNF-α  and IFN-γ levels were significantly higher than that of the stomach body. IFN-γ  serum level showed positive correlation with antrum and stomach body levels, whereas no correlation was found in TNF-α in different samples. Higher levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ in antral indicate that the colonization of bacteria in the antrum may be higher than stomach body (culture results from two sites support this statement). Increased serum level of IFN-γ  indicates the activation of circulating-T cells against infection. Induced H. pylori-related TNF-α is concentrated is gastric mucosa and this pathogen does not cause any significant change in the serum level of this cytokine. Therefore H.  pylori  by inducing certain inflammatory cytokines but  not  IL-10 may contribute  the process of disease development. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/319 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/319/319

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 10 4 2011 12 15 273 279 EN Hamid Marefati Department of Physical Education &amp; Sport Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran Helimeh Nikbine Department of Physical Education &amp; Sport Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran Mohammad Hossein Boskabady Department of Physiology and Pharmaceutical Research Center, Medical School, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran 2015 10 01 The prevalence of exercise induced asthma (EIA) in Iran is not known. In the present study the  prevalence of  EIA  among female students  of  guidance school  in the  city of Mashhad was evaluated. A total of 1690 female students aged 12-14 years in ten randomly selected schools in north east of Iran (Mashhad) completed an asthma symptoms- specific questionnaire. One hundred forty four randomly selected students including 49 symptomatic and 95 asymptomatic cases participated in a 6 minutes free run test (until reaching 70-75% of MHR (maximum heart rate) for evaluating EIA. Pulmonary function tests (PFT) were measured before (baseline), immediately, 5 minutes and 15 minutes after exercise. The prevalence of asthma symptoms among the studied students was 12.54%. There was not  significant difference in any of PFT  values between asymptomatic and symptomatic students. The results of exercise test showed that totally 61.22% of symptomatic students responded to exercise test (their post-exercise PFT values decline more than 15%) while only 16.82% of asymptomatic students were responders to exercise (p<0.001). However, in both asymptomatic and symptomatic responder  students,  all PFT  values declined significantly after exercise compared  to  baseline values (p<0.05 to  p<0.001) and  there  was not  any significant difference between two groups. The results showed that although higher number of symptomatic students showed EIA, some asymptomatic students also sowed EIA. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/320 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/320/320

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 10 4 2011 12 15 281 288 EN Mehri Ghafourian Boroujerdnia Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Mohammad Ebrahim Azemi Medicinal Plant Research Center, Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Ali Asghar Hemmati Department of Parmacology, School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Amin Taghian School of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Abbas Azadmehr Immunology Division, School of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran 2015 10 01 Several studies have demonstrated that herbal extracts possess various biological effects including anti-inflammatory and  anti-cancer  activities. The  present  study  was aimed to investigate the protective effects of the Astragalus gypsicolus  (AG) hydroalcoholic extract in early allergic sensitized mice induced by ovalbumin. Phytochemical assay was used  to  recognize the  main active constituents  in the  AG hydroalcoholic extract. Mice were immunized with subcutaneous injection of ovalbumin and aluminum hydroxide. Efficiency of  sensitization was assessed by serum  IgE  levels and eosinophil count. After sensitization, two doses of extract (250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg) were injected intrapritoneally. On  day 14, mice were challenged with intrapritoneal injection of ovalbumin. IL-4 and IFNγ  levels in  broncoalveolar  lavage fluid, which had  been  collected on  day 15, were assessed by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit. Our results indicate two main active constituents including flavonoids and terpenoids are present in the AG hydroalcoholic extract. Intrapritoneal injection of the AG hydroalcoholic extract was able to decrease IL-4 and increase IFNγ. It seems the AG hydroalcoholic extract has the potential to modulate the balance of Th1/Th2 cytokines in allergy. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/321 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/321/321

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 10 4 2011 12 15 289 293 EN Ghasem Meighani Department of Pediatrics Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Asghar Aghamohammadi Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Honarmand Javanbakht Department of Pediatrics Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hassan Abolhassani Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Sina Nikayin Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyed Mehryar Jafari Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mehdi Ghandehari Motlagh Department of Pediatrics Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ahmad Reza Shamshiri Faculty of public Health and Institute of Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Nima Rezaei Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Molecular Immunology Research Center; and Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 01 Primary antibody deficiencies (PAD) are a group of immune system disorders, associated with decreased levels of secretory and protective immunoglobulins. Because of the important role of immunoglobulins in the protection  of oral cavity, patients with PADs  are more susceptible to dental caries or oral manifestations. This study was performed  to investigate the oral and dental manifestations of PADs patients. In this study, 33 patients with PADs (21 common variable immunodeficiency, 8 X- linked agammaglobulinemia and 4 hyper IgM syndrome) and 66 controls were examined; the number of decayed, missed and filled teeth (DMFT) were investigated. Aphthous  was the most frequent manifestation in PADs patients (38.7%), which wassignificantly16.7% higher than  the  controls  (p=0.03). The  patients  with  PADs  showed significantly higher presentation of other oral and dental manifestations, including herpes sores, candidiasis tonsillitis, gingivitis, calculus, enamel hypoplasia and other ulcerations. The mean DMFT scores were 6.15±3.6 and 1.93±0.4 in PADs patients and controls, respectively (p<0.001). Although the patients with common variable immunodeficiency had higher means of DMFT in comparison with other groups of PADs, this difference was not statistically significant. This study showed significantly higher frequency of oral and dental manifestations in the patients with PADs  compared to controls. Therefore, regular examination of oral cavity could be suggested in this group of immunodeficient patients. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/322 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/322/322

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 10 4 2011 12 15 295 298 EN Raheleh Shokouhi Shoormasti Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Anahita Azimdoost Department of Immunology and Allergy, Children Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Shiva Saghafi Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Masood Movahhedi Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Taghi Haghi Ashtiani Clinical and Anatomical Pathology, Children Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Zahra Pourpak Immunology, Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Immunology and Allergy, Children Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Bagher Eslami Department of Immunology, Public Health Faculty, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 01 Immunophenotyping of lymphocytes is very essential for evaluation of immune system. Due  to  the  effect  of  environmental  factors  and  ethnical diversity on  immune  system, establishment of an internal normal range of lymphocyte subsets is a necessity for each population.  The  aim  of  this  study  was  to  determine  the  normal  range  of  T  and  B lymphocytes, and NK cells in normal Iranian adults. Two hundred and thirty three Iranian normal adult volunteers took part in this study. Complete Blood Count (CBC) was performed for them with Sysmex (KX21) and cells with CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19 and CD16/56  surface markers were simultaneously detected by flow cytometry method  with FACstar system. Their percentile and absolute count  were determined. The  volunteers  were  150  male  and  83  female.  Mean  percentages  of  lymphocyte subpopulation were: CD3 (67.66 ±7.76), CD19 (14.41±5.09), CD4 (39.22±6.7), CD8 (25.42±5.4) and CD16/56 (10.14±6.42). Also, their mean absolute count of lymphocyte bearing CD3, CD19, CD4 and CD8 were 1,504±505/µl, 332±186/µl, 827±313/µl and 522±185/µl, respectively. Our results are comparable with similar Asian results from other Asian population, but are different from European population, we therefore conclude that it is necessary for each laboratory to establish an internal normal range for the lymphocytes bearing above- mentioned markers. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/323 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/323/323

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 10 4 2011 12 15 299 303 EN Sonja Prcic Department of Dermatovenereology, Institute for Child and Youth Health Care of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia Jelena Tomić Department of Immunology and Allergology, Institute For Child and Youth Health Care of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia Slobodanka Petrović Department of Pulmology, Institute for Child and Youth Health Care of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia Anica Radulović Department of Dermatovenereology, Institute for Child and Youth Health Care of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia Verica Djuran Clinic of Dermatovenereologic Diseases, Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia Zorica Gajinov Clinic of Dermatovenereologic Diseases, Clinical Centre of Vojvodina, Novi Sad, Serbia 2015 10 01 The hyperimmunoglobulin E  syndrome is a rare complex primary immunodeficiency characterized by high serum IgE levels, eczema, and recurrent infections. We present a case of 2-years-old girl with eczema and repeated bacterial skin and lung infections since the period of infancy. The patient also had eosinophilia, high serum levels of IgE, and cows-milk hypersensitivity. We describe the case, in order to illustrate the difficulty of establishing the diagnosis hyper-immunoglobulin E syndrome in a toddler. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/324 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/324/324