Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 24 3 2025 05 05 268 276 Hui Li Department of Otolaryngology, Baoding Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Hebei, China Lei Nie Department of Otolaryngology, Baoding Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Hebei, China Tiecheng Zhang Department of Otolaryngology, Baoding Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Hebei, China Ziwei Chen Department of Otolaryngology, Baoding Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Hebei, China Shipei Gao Department of Stomatology, Baoding Hospital of Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Hebei, China 2024 10 26 2024 11 24 Studies have investigated montelukast and budesonide aerosol inhalation for treating allergic rhinitis (AR) and bronchial asthma (BA) in children. However, there are significant variations in dosage and duration of administration. This research evaluated the efficacy in children with AR and BA and analyzed montelukast's impact on the inflammatory response. This retrospective cohort study involved 100 children with AR and BA who were admitted to “Baoding Hospital, Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated with the Capital Medical University” from October 2022 to September 2023. They were divided into a budesonide group (budesonide n=50) and a combination group (montelukast and budesonide, n=50). Comparisons were made between the two groups in terms of clinical efficacy, severity scores of AR and BA before and after treatment, inflammatory indicators (interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)), pulmonary function indicators (forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), peak expiratory flow rate (PEF)), and adverse reactions. After treatment, the severity scores of AR and BA in the combination group were 4.00±0.93 points and 2.64±0.56 points, which were lower than those in the budesonide group (5.14±0.66 points and 3.31±0.65 points, respectively). The total response rate of the combination group (96.00%) was higher than that of the budesonide group (80.00%). The levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the combination group were lower than those in the budesonide group, and the levels of FEV1 and PEF in the combination group were higher than those in the budesonide group. Mometasone combined with budesonide shows good treatment effects in children with AR and BA. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/4230 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/4230/2170

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 24 3 2025 05 05 259 267 Azam Samei Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Mostafa khedri Autoimmune Disease Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran 2024 05 28 2025 01 11 This study explores recent advances in harnessing the immunotherapeutic potential of hydatid cyst antigens for the treatment of allergies and autoimmunity. The aim is to elucidate the immunotherapeutic mechanisms employed by these parasite antigens. The hydatid cyst is considered the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus, a parasitic helminth with life cycles involving a carnivorous definitive host (usually dogs) and an intermediate herbivore host (human, ungulate, or rodent). The two major species of this parasite with human public health importance are E granulosus and E multilocularis. E granulosus is a highly immunogenic organism that stimulates proinflammatory responses, significant antibody production, and T cell-mediated responses. Host adaptive immune responses to the parasite are TH2 dominant, but responses are absent in one-fifth of patients. Diagnostic antigens from cyst fluid are well-known, and the high abundance of hydatid cysts in the lungs and livers of slaughtered farm animals has made it easy to access the source of cyst antigens. Emerging from current preclinical studies, antigens derived from hydatid cyst cells and fluid show potential for suppressing and regulating immune responses associated with allergic and autoimmune conditions, disorders which increase with Western-type human development.  https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/4115 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/4115/2179

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 24 3 2025 05 05 396 402 Mozhdeh Ebrahimpur Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Mehrdad Hajilooi Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Ghasem Solgi Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran Mohsen Rastegari-Pouyani Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran AND Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Institute of Cancer, Avicenna Health Research Institute, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran 2024 12 08 2025 01 02 The quantity and quality of anti-Spike (anti-S) antibodies, rapidly elicited by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), are necessary for understanding the immune response induced by infection. Antibody avidity is a good indicator of the quality of antibody response. Interleukin (IL)-21 and IL-27 are two cytokines that play vital roles in the affinity maturation process. Therefore, we decided to investigate whether there are any relationships between the avidities of antibodies against spike and nucleocapsid (N) antigens of SARS-CoV-2 and serum levels of these cytokines in symptomatic and asymptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients. Forty symptomatic COVID-19 patients and 40 asymptomatic carriers were enrolled. Anti-S and anti-N IgG avidity indices (AIs) were determined using a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serum levels of IL-21 and IL-27 were quantified by specific ELISA kits. AI values of both anti-S and anti-N IgG were lower in the symptomatic group compared to asymptomatic cases, while only that of anti-N IgG was statistically significant. For IL-21 and IL-27 serum levels, no significant difference between the two groups was shown. Also, we could not find any correlations between cytokine levels and antibody AI values. However, an inverse correlation between anti-S AI value and IL-27 serum level was found in asymptomatic patients. Our study suggests that serum levels of IL-21 and IL-27 cannot predict differences in anti-S and anti-N IgG avidity between symptomatic and asymptomatic COVID-19 patients. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/4271 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/4271/2182

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 24 3 2025 05 05 277 282 Maryam Heydarazad zadeh Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyed Alireza Mahdaviani Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Alireza Eslaminejad Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mahsa Rekabi Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2024 09 04 2025 01 11 Measuring the performance of small airways dysfunction is challenging due to their relative inaccessibility with conventional methods. In recent years, spirometry and impulse oscillometry (IOS) methods have been widely used for their evaluation. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between spirometric parameters and IOS in newly diagnosed asthma (NDA) patients. In this cross-sectional study, 100 NDA patients who referred to the allergy Clinic of Masih Daneshvari Hospital between 2021 and 2023 were enrolled. IOS and spirometry tests were performed for all patients. Spirometry measures included forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), FEV1/FVC, and forced expiratory flow (FEF25-75). IOS criteria included R5%, R20%, R5-R20%, X5%, Ax% and FRES. The relationship between spirometry and IOS parameters was evaluated. The mean age was 22.6±9.5 years. None of the 2 techniques had a significant relationship with disease severity. FVC, FEV1/FVC and FEF25-75 indices had a significant positive correlation with all other IOS indices except for Ax. In the comparison of FEF25-75 parameter in spirometry, 4 IOS indices including R5, R20, R5-R20 and X5 had appropriate sensitivity and specificity for predicting asthma. In the comparison of FEF25-75 parameter in spirometry, 4 IOS indices including R5, R20, R5-R20 and X5 had appropriate sensitivity and specificity for predicting asthma. The sensitivity and specificity of R5 for asthma diagnosis were 0.85 and 0.73, respectively. Further multicenter studies with larger sample sizes are recommended to confirm these results. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/4192 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/4192/2180

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 24 3 2025 05 05 283 291 EN Haniyeh Shahabi Department of Immunology, Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran Maryam Mahlooji Rad Asthma and Allergy Center, Tehran Medical Sciences Branch of Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Tehran, Iran Habib Soheili Department of Allergy and Immunology, Children's Medical Center, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Tooba Ghazanfari Department of Immunology, Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran 2024 10 27 2024 12 23 Autoimmune activities in chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) are claimed to be one of the most common causes of disease pathogenesis. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence and patterns of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) in patients with CSU, investigate the relationship between ANA positivity and autologous serum skin test (ASST) results, and explore the implications of these findings for understanding the potential autoimmune nature of CSU, particularly in relation to immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. We analyzed data from 60 patients with CSU at Jahad Daneshgahi Clinic, Tehran, Iran. Patients were categorized based on ASST results (30 positive and 30 negative). Laboratory evaluations included ANAs via indirect immunofluorescence using the HEp-20-10 biochip kit. Data analysis was performed using chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests. Among the 60 CSU patients, 37 were ANA-positive, with common patterns being nuclear fine-speckled and nucleolar. A decrease in IgE levels among ANA-positive patients compared to ANA-negative ones was also observed. Our study uncovered a notable 61.6% prevalence of ANA positivity among CSU patients, exceeding previously reported rates. The identification of nuclear fine-speckled and punctate nucleolar patterns may indicate associations with specific autoimmune conditions that warrant further investigation. Additionally, the observed lower IgE levels in ANA-positive patients suggest a distinct immunological profile, potentially reflecting type IIb autoimmunity. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/4231 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/4231/2175

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 24 3 2025 05 05 292 303 Razieh Banaki Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Biological Science, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran Seyedeh Tahereh Faezi Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ahmad Esmaeilzadeh Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mahdi Mahmoudi Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Research Center for Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Elham Farhadi Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Research Center for Chronic Inflammatory Diseases, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Majid Alikhani Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2024 09 06 2024 09 30 Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune rheumatic disease with relapsing and remitting periods. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune rheumatic disease with relapsing and remitting periods. It has been reported that alterations of gut microbiota can affect disease activity in SLE. Probiotics which can modify the gut microbiota may be useful to control disease activity. Therefore, the effect of probiotic yogurt was evaluated on SLE disease activity. In this triple-blind, randomized, controlled trial, the patients were randomized and divided into 2 groups. The patients had Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) ≤6 and were on a stable dose of immunosuppressant in the last 3 months. The intervention group was given 200 g of probiotic yogurt containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Bifidobacterium bifidum for 13 weeks. The control group was given 200 g of yogurt without bacteria for 13 weeks. Demographic measurements, SLEDAI, and Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ) were analyzed before and after the intervention. The probiotic group (19 patients) and the control group (14 individuals) were compared. At the beginning and baseline of the trial, the probiotic and control groups’ average energy intake, micronutrients, and macronutrients did not differ significantly. In the probiotic group, the amount of protein, cholesterol, magnesium, zinc, selenium, and iron intake increased significantly after intervention. There are no significant changes in SLEDAI score and disability (HAQ) between case and control groups at the end of the study. Consumption of probiotic yogurt containing L rhamnosus and B bifidum did not have a significant short-term effect on SLEDAI and disability in SLE patients.  https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/4198 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/4198/2171

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 24 3 2025 05 05 61 70 Leila Mohamed Khosroshahi Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Reza Zabihi Department of Immunology, School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Bioinformatics, Laboratory of Complex Biological Systems and Bioinformatics (CBB), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Behnia Akbari Department of Immunology, School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Jamshid Hadjati Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Farshid Noorbakhsh Tehran University of Medical Sciences 2024 04 19 2024 04 30 Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are endogenous non-coding RNA molecules that form covalently closed molecular loops. By regulating gene expression, circRNAs are known to play crucial roles in the development and progression of various diseases, including autoimmune, neoplastic, and neurological disorders.   In this study, we examined the expression of circSnx5 in inflamed CNS tissue at different stages of experimental autoimmune encephalitis (EAE), an animal model for multiple sclerosis (MS), as well as in T cells that were activated and differentiated into different T helper phenotypes (Th1, Th17, Treg). EAE was induced and spinal cord tissues were isolated at different time points following disease induction. CD4+ T cells were isolated from mouse splenocytes and differentiated toward Th1, Th17, and Treg phenotypes, followed by the analysis of circSnx5 expression. Compared with control mice, enhanced expression of both circular and linear forms of Snx5 was detected in EAE lumbar spinal cords at the peak and post-peak phases of the disease. However, the ratio of the circular to linear forms (CLR) was decreased in EAE mice compared with controls. Expression of circSnx5 was highly correlated with the levels of inflammatory cytokines in the spinal cord tissue. Significant decreases were observed in circSnx5 expression levels following polyclonal activation of splenocytes. The expression of circSnx5 was also downregulated in differentiated T cells directed toward Th1, Th17, and Treg. Our findings suggest a potential role of circSnx5 in autoimmune neuroinflammation. The altered expression of circSnx5 during activation and differentiation may offer valuable insights into potential strategies for regulating inflammation in multiple sclerosis (MS). https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/4085 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/4085/2139

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 24 1 2025 02 13 71 78 EN Xi Chen Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China Wenxing Liu Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China Xiaohua Guo Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China Yinhui Zeng Department of Otolaryngology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China Xingrong Song Department of Anesthesiology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China Liu Wenlong Department of Otolaryngology, Guangzhou Women and Children’s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China 2024 07 07 2024 10 23 Propofol, a quick‑acting systemic anesthetic agent widely used in general anesthesia, can alleviate airway T-helper 2 (TH2) inflammation. Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are a newly discovered group of lymphoid cells and play key roles in allergic rhinitis (AR). We aimed to investigate the regulation of ILC2s treated with propofol and its possible mechanisms in a mouse model. An ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized and challenged mouse model was established. Nasal lavage fluid (NLF) and tissue samples were collected for the detection of inflammatory cells, type II cytokines, and ILC2s using Giemsa staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and flow cytometry. CD4+ T cells and ILC2s were cocultured and detected by flow cytometry to confirm the proportion of TH2 cells. Compared with OVA-sensitized and challenged mice, propofol-treated model mice presented decreased type II cytokine levels and total numbers of cells, eosinophils, neutrophils, and macrophages in NLF.  Mice treated with propofol presented decreased nasal ILC2 frequency. Moreover, the nasal expression of GATA binding protein 3 (GATA3) and retinoid-related orphan receptor α (RORα),  as well as the levels of IL-5 and IL-13, were significantly inhibited after propofol treatment. Compared with those cultured alone, cocultures of ILC2s and CD4+ T cells resulted in significantly more TH2 cells. When propofol was added, the percentage of TH2 cells significantly decreased. This effect was alleviated when anti-major histocompatibility complex class II (anti-MHC II) protein was added.  Our study provides preliminary evidence that propofol can play an inhibitive role in AR by regulating innate and adaptive immunity. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/4134 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/4134/2145

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 24 1 2025 02 13 79 88 Somayeh Azadfar Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran Ahad Yamchi Genetic Engineering and Molecular Genetics, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran Ahmad Majd Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran Alijan Tabarraei Infectious Diseases Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran 2023 01 12 2023 11 24 Human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein B (gB) emerges as a viable candidate for eliciting neutralizing antibodies. This research specifically focused on exploring the immune reaction prompted by the nonglycosylated variant of the gB, with a comprehensive assessment of humoral immunity in mice. The gB coding sequence was optimized and expressed in pET-15b. Additionally, pcDNA3.1(+) vectors were also used for cloning the same gB sequence as the DNA vaccine. The gB was purified using a Ni-NTA chromatographic column. SDS-PAGE and Western blotting were used to confirm protein expression and purification. Using the prime-boost strategy, 8 different BALB/c mice were injected with DNA vaccine plus gB heterologous vaccine at 3 intervals. We evaluated the interferon (IFN-γ), interleukin (IL-4), immunoglobulin (Ig) G1, IgG2a, and IgG2b using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.  It was shown that the mice administered with DNA vaccine plus gB had higher IFN- γ and IL-4 levels compared to controls. On the other hand, the mice that received 3 doses of gB showed the highest levels of IgG1 and IgG2a. However, IgG2b was at its highest in mice administrated with DNA vaccine plus gB. The total IgG was higher in mice that received gB than in other interventions. According to the findings, the DNA vaccine enhanced total IgG in immunized mice more effectively than the gB. This could be attributed to conformational changes owing to a lack of glycan moiety. Furthermore, combining nonglycosylated gB with DNA as a heterologous vaccine strategy enhances innate immunity by increasing the IFN- γ levels. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/3750 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/3750/2150

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 24 1 2025 02 13 89 99 Abbas Ranjbar Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran AND Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Saeid Taghiloo Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Parvin Nozari Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Akbar Hedayatizadeh-Omran Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Hossein Asgarian-Omran Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran AND Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-Communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran 2024 03 25 2024 09 30 Up-regulation of immune checkpoint ligands and secretion of soluble factors in the tumor microenvironment led to the survival of cancerous plasma cells in the bone marrow milieu. Therefore, we investigate the relationship between the inhibition of c-Kit receptor, AKT, and NF-κB signaling pathways and the regulation of immune escape mechanisms in multiple myeloma. The U266B1 cell line was treated with Masitinib as a c-Kit receptor inhibitor, Perifosine as AKT inhibitor, and Bortezomib as NF-κB inhibitor either in single or combined form. Apoptosis and cell viability were evaluated using flow cytometry and MTT assays, respectively. The relative expression of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), poliovirus receptor (PVR), and interleukin 6 (IL-6) were determined by real-time PCR. Also, the secretion of IL-6 was measured by ELISA. Our findings demonstrated decreased proliferation of U266B1 cells after co-treatment with Masitinib, Perifosine, and Bortezomib.  An increase in apoptosis was observed in the co-treatment of Masitinib and Perifosine. Furthermore, results elucidated that the expression of PD-L1 and IL-6 decreased after treatment with Masitinib, Perifosine, and Bortezomib in both single and co-treatments. Regarding PVR, combined treatment of U266B1 cells with Masitinib, Perifosine, and Bortezomib decreased the expression level of PVR. We showed that c-Kit receptor, AKT, and NF-κB pathway inhibitors not only serve as cytotoxic drugs but also inhibit the immune escape mechanisms of malignant plasma cells by disrupting signaling pathways. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/4053 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/4053/2142

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 24 1 2025 02 13 100 114 Yan Sun Department of Obstetrical, Obstetric Nursing Unit, West China Second University Hospital, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children, Ministry of Education, Chengdu, China Xin Hu Department of Gynecology, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao, China Ying Wang Department of Obstetrical, Shangdong Provincial Third Hospital, Tianqiao District, Jinan, China 2024 07 04 2024 08 18 Ovarian cancer is 1 of the most serious female malignancies worldwide. Despite intensive efforts to overcome ovarian cancer, there remain limited treatment options for this disease. Ellagic acid (EA), a well-known phytochemical with anti-inflammatory properties, is suggested as a therapeutical strategy as it can inhibit the growth of certain cancer cells. However, its effect on human ovarian carcinoma cells has not yet been fully elucidated. The present study aimed to explore the effect of EA on ovarian carcinoma and further expound the underlying mechanisms of EA-induced ovarian cancer cell death. Human ovarian carcinoma cell lines, A2780 and OVCAR3, were treated with EA (0, 10, 20, 50, and 100 μM) and assessed for viability, cell cycle (cyclin D1 and cyclin E), pyroptosis (gasdermin D [GSDMD] and gasdermin E [GSDME]), autophagy (microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 [MAP1LC3] and autophagy protein 5 [ATG5]), and inflammation (interleukin [IL]-1b and IL-6) via 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT), real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The findings showed that EA could significantly inhibit cell viability, decrease cyclin D1 and E levels, downregulate GSDMD and GSDME, and suppress the levels of inflammatory markers, including IL-1b and IL-6. However, the protein levels of autophagic markers including LC3 and ATG5 remained mostly unchanged. The findings suggest that EA could suppress ovarian cancer cell viability and proliferation by arresting both cell lines at the G1 phase of the cell cycle through modification of cell death mediated by inflammatory-caused pyroptosis. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/4140 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/4140/2133

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 24 1 2025 02 13 115 118 EN Rakhi Issrani Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia AND Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India Raha Almufarrij Department of Dental Research Cell, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, India Rital Alwaqid Department of Dental Research Cell, Saveetha Institute of Medical a