Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 22 2 2023 04 30 138 149 Mohammad Amin Rajizadeh Student Research Committee, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran AND Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran AND Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalpour Medical Faculty, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Mohammad Abbas Bejeshk Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran AND Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalpour Medical Faculty, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Amir Hossein Doustimotlagh Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran AND Medicinal Plants Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran Hamid Najafipour Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Afzalpour Medical Faculty, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran AND Cardiovascular Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Maryam Eftekhari Department of Genetics, Hormozgan University of Medical Science, Hormozegan, Iran Merat Mahmoodi Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Mahdokht Azizi Department of Pathology, Shahid Beheshti Hospital, Yasuj University of Medical Science, Yasuj, Iran Fahimeh Rostamabadi Department of Medical Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran AND Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran Hossein Pourghadamyari Student Research Committee, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran ANDDepartment of Clinical Biochemistry, Afzalipour Medical Faculty, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran AND Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran AND Research Center for Hydatid Disease, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran 2022 10 01 2023 01 29 Asthma is an inflammatory disease of the airways. We assessed the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative impacts of quercetin, a plant derivative, on inflammatory and oxidative indices in lung tissue and serum of rats with asthma.Asth ma was induced by ovalbumin. Rats were divided into 4 groups: control, asthma+vehicle (Receieved normal saline), asthma+dexamethasone, and asthma+quercetin. After asthma induction, quercetin (50 mg/kg) and dexamethasone (2.5 mg/kg) were injected intraperitoneally once daily for 1 week. On day 50, lung histopathology indices; inflammatory factors; tissue gene expression, including GATA Binding Protein 3 (Gata-3), Tbx21 (T-bet), Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), Il10 (IL-10), Il1b (IL-1β), Il6 (IL-6), Acta2 (α-SMA), and Tnf (TNF-α); and oxidative stress indices (malondialdehyde [MDA], catalase [CAT], glutathione peroxidase [GPX], superoxide dismutase [SOD], and total antioxidant capacity [TAC]) in tissue and serum, were evaluated. The results showed that quercetin reduced Gata3, Tnf, Tgfb1, Il1b, and Acta2 gene expression and increased Tbx21 gene expression following asthma. Quercetin also improved oxidative stress by decreasing MDA levels and increasing TAC, CAT, SOD, and GPX levels in serum and lung tissue. Furthermore, quercetin decreased IL6 and TNFα levels and increased IL10 levels in lung tissue after asthma was treated with quercetin. Quercetin ameliorates oxidative stress and inflammation caused by asthma, especially at the tissue level. Therefore, quercetin can be considered a potent antiasthmatic agent. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/3668 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/3668/1935

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 22 2 2023 04 30 124 137 Hua Feng School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China AND State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China Yongning Wu State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China AND Corresponding Author, NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment, Beijing, China 2021 11 02 2022 11 22 The global prevalence of allergies is on the rise. Food allergies are of special concern among children under 5 years of age, leading to morbidity and mortality. Though the standard management is avoidance, probiotics are being used widely to prevent and treat food allergies. We aimed to determine the effect of probiotics as a therapeutic option for controlling food and cow’s milk allergy among children under 5 years of age. A systematic search of electronic medical literature databases was conducted. We included all eligible randomized controlled trials available from inception until May 2021. The primary outcome of interest was the relief of allergic symptoms, while the secondary outcome was the induction of tolerance. Two investigators undertook the literature search, screening, data extraction, and quality appraisal independently. Data analysis and synthesis were performed using STATA 14 software. Subgroup analysis was performed for the duration of use and follow-up, and the age category of children included in the outcome were done. Twenty trials involving 4043 pediatric patients with food allergies were included in the review. Subgroup analysis also revealed that probiotics were effective in treating food allergies across the various subgroups included in the model. Around 15 trials reported our primary outcome, relief of symptoms, as a binary variable, which was pooled to obtain a risk ratio of 0.86 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77–0.95), with very low heterogeneity (I2 7.7%). Six trials were included for the secondary outcome of interest, which gave an imprecise pooled estimate of 1.29 (95% CI, 0.98–1.70) with significant heterogeneity (I2 7). Thus, we conclude that probiotics can serve as a vital therapeutic option in tackling food allergies among children less than 5 years of age. Further larger studies exploring the effectiveness of individual strains and their safety pattern are essential.  https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/3393 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/3393/1937

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 22 2 2023 04 30 212 216 Norio Kodaka Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Ohashi, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan Chihiro Nakano Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Ohashi, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan Takeshi Oshio Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Ohashi, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan Takatomo Hirouchi Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Ohashi, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan Yuka Yamada Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Ohashi, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan Hiroto Matsuse Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Ohashi, Meguro-ku, Tokyo, Japan 2022 03 23 2023 03 13 No Abstract No Abstract No Abstract https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/3489 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/3489/1939

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 22 2 2023 04 30 208 211 Simona Barni Allergy Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy Marta Vazquez-Ortiz National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom Mattia Giovannini 1 Allergy Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy AND Department of healt Science, University of Florence, Florence, Italy Giulia Liccioli Allergy Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy Lucrezia Sarti Allergy Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy Giulia Lascialfari Allergy Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy Laura Pisano Immunology and Molecular Microbiology Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy Silvia Boscia Immunology and Molecular Microbiology Unit, Meyer Children's Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy Francesca Mori Allergy Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, Florence, Italy 2022 06 07 2023 03 13 Shellfish is defined as any edible marine invertebrate and refers to crustaceans and mollusks. Crustaceans belong to the phylum Arthropods. Mollusks belong to the phylum Mollusca. This report illustrates a rare case of a 6-year-old girl with challenge-proven acute food protein–induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) to cuttlefish (phylum Mollusca, class Cephalopoda), anaphylaxis to crustaceans (phylum Arthropoda), and tolerance to other mollusks, including clams and mussels (phylum Mollusca, class Bivalvia). The association of IgE-mediated food allergy and acute FPIES seen in this case is rare. To our knowledge, this is the first case of FPIES to cuttlefish reported in a child. This challenge highlights the need for further research into the allergens and mechanisms underpinning FPIES at a molecular level, enabling a better understanding of cross-reactivity patterns and the development of diagnostic and predictive tests to assist in clinical practice. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/3566 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/3566/1940

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 22 2 2023 04 30 150 162 EN Shadi Paydarfar Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Amin Abbasi Firoozabadi Hospital Clinical Research Development Unit (FHCRDU), School of Medicine, Iran University Medical Science (IUMS), Tehran, Iran Ali Hashemi Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Sodabe Taheri Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mojgan Bandehpour Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Nariman Mosaffa Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2022 03 01 2022 10 25 Extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii is considered one of the most dangerous threats to global health, requiring novel therapeutic interventions. The outer membrane protein A (OmpA) is an immunogenic agent that triggers immune responses. The current study evaluated serum antibody levels against previously determined immunogenic OmpA peptides from A baumannii in ICU staff. Serum samples were collected from 62 ICU staff members (representing the exposed group), healthy controls (representing the nonexposed group), and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (as controls for nonspecific antibody reactions). After excluding the cross-reactive antibodies via Escherichia coli lysate pretreatment, all the samples were assessed in the vicinity of A baumannii lysate by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). All the positive samples were assessed for interaction with previously designed and selected peptides using ELISA. The protective potential of positive serum antibodies was surveyed in vitro using an opsonophagocytic study. The most antibody positive samples against one of the dominant peptides were determined in the ICU personnel (75%).  SLE serum samples did not react with candidate peptides. The strongest positive reaction was observed in serum treatment with one of the OmpA peptides (No. 5) with significant differences compared to other designed peptides. Our findings showed that ICU samples have substantially higher antibody levels than the nonexposed group; Positive samples show strong results in the opsonophagocytosiis assay. This study demonstrates A baumannii colonization at human mucosal surfaces, especially in exposed healthy workers. Novel OmpA-derived peptides could be used to identify immunogenic vaccine candidates. Therefore, more studies are needed  before this peptide and antibody levels are used in diagnosis, prevention, or treatment.   https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/3473 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/3473/1932

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 22 2 2023 04 30 172 182 EN Elham Shokati Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Morteza Motallebnezhad Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Elaheh Safari Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Immunology Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2022 08 22 2023 01 09 Astragalus polysaccharide (APS) is a functional component of Astragalus membranaceus with antitumor and immunomodulatory properties. This study evaluated the effect of APS on thth> 19 624 631 Anahita Abbasi Department of Microbiology, Fars Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran AND Department of Microbiology, Shiraz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shiraz, Iran Padideh Ebadi Department of Biochemistry, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran Ramin Yaghobi Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran Mohammad Hossein Karimi Shiraz Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran 2020 01 19 2020 08 31 Acute organ rejection remains a serious clinical challenge. Novel accessible biomarkers of acute rejection could easily enable us to detect the rejection earlier and make more fine-tuned calibration of immunosuppressive or new target treatment possible. Control of gene expression by microRNAs influences many cellular functions, including cellular differentiation, cell proliferation, cell development, and functional regulation of the immune system. Therefore, this study was aimed to investigate if miRNA146a G>C and miRNA196a-2 C>T gene polymorphisms are associated with kidney transplant rejection in Iranian patients. Tissue samples were collected from 100 renal transplant patients between the years 2009 and 2013. The miRNA146a G>C (rs2910164) and miRNA196a-2 C>T (rs11614913) gene polymorphisms were evaluated in kidney transplant patients; using the in-house-polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. In this study, we found that the CC genotype, C and G alleles of the miRNA146a G>C polymorphism was associated with increased risk of transplant rejection in kidney transplant patients (p=0.003, p=0.01 and p=0.01), respectively. The CC genotype, T, and C alleles of the miRNA196a-2 C>T were also significantly more frequent in transplanted patients compared to healthy controls (p=0.02, p=0.05, and p=0.05), respectively. However, significant associations were not found between miRNA196a-2 C>T polymorphisms and kidney transplant rejection. The CC genotype, G, and C allele of the miRNA146a G>C and also, the CC genotype, T and C alleles of the miRNA196a-2 C>T may be genetically susceptible factors for transplant rejection and development of kidney disorders, especially in Iranian patients. Further studies are required to validate these findings in a larger population, as well as in patients with different ethnic origins. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/2680

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 19 6 2020 12 19 632 639 Azar Nickavar Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Iran University Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ehsan Valavi Chronic Renal Failure Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Baranak Safaeian Neonatal and Children’s Health Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran Parisa Amoori Chronic Renal Failure Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran Mostafa Moosavian Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran 2020 06 27 2020 09 05 Pro-inflammatory cytokines have been suggested in the pathogenesis of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS), with conflicting results. This study was performed to identify alteration of different serum interleukins (ILs) in children with INS, and their predictive value in response to steroid treatment. Three groups of children (27; steroid-sensitive INS, 21; steroid-resistant INS, and 19 healthy controls) with normal serum C3, negative serologic tests of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), human immune deficiency virus (HIV), and parasitic infections were included in this study. Serum concentrations of IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-13, and IL-18 were measured, using quantitative colorimetric sandwich ELISA kits. Children with secondary nephrotic syndrome, inflammations, systemic disorders, and chronic kidney disease were excluded. The serum concentration of all ILs; except IL-13 and IL-18; was significantly higher in children with INS, compared with the healthy controls. Serum IL-2 had the highest sensitivity of (95.24%) in patients with INS. All of the serum ILs had acceptable accuracy in children with INS, compared with the control group. The serum concentration of IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 was significantly higher in children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS), compared with steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS). All of these ILs had acceptable accuracy for the prediction of steroid response in patients with INS. Our findings suggested the pathogenic role of pro-inflammatory cytokines in children with INS, of which IL-1β, IL-6, and IL-8 were accurate biomarkers for the prediction of steroid response in these patients.   https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/2873

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 19 6 2020 12 19 640 646 Abdollah Jafarzadeh Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran AND Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran Maryam Hadavi Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran AND Department of Anesthesiology, Paramedical School, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran Gholamhossein Hasanshahi Molecular Medicine Research Center, Research Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran AND Department of Immunology, Medical School, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran Mohsen Rezaeian Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Occupational Environmental Research Center, Medical School, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran Reza Vazirinejad Department of Social Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Medical School, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran Ali Sarkoohi Department of Anesthesiology, Medical School, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran Fariba Aminzadeh Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical School, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran 2020 06 04 2020 08 15 Cesarean section (CS) is an important challenge for a pregnant woman and her newborn. The most common anesthesia techniques used for CS are general anesthesia (GA) and spinal anesthesia (SA). This study was designed to compare the modulation of genes whose expression level is indicative of the immune system following exposure to GA and SA. The present study was performed on 40 women who were scheduled for elective CS receiving GA or SA. The expression levels of the relative mRNA of Interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-17, Interferon (IFN)-γ, and tumor growth factor (TGF)-β before anesthesia (T0) and 24 hours post-anesthesia (T1) were analyzed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique.  Twenty-four hours post-anesthesia, the expression levels of IL-10, IL-17, and IFN-γ genes were decreased while the expressions of IL-4, IL-6, and TGF-β genes were upregulated in two groups, however, the differences were not significant. The mRNA level of IL-4 was increased in the SA group significantly. The post-CS mRNA levels of IL-4 in the SA group may indicate that SA is more appropriate than GA for the initiation of tissue repair pathways. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/2851

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 19 6 2020 12 19 647 659 Hoda Rahmani Department of Immunology, Medicine Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran Somaye Sadeghi Department of Immunology, Medicine Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran Niloofar Taghipour Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Science, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of medical science, Tehran. Iran Mohsen Roshani Tehran Air Quality Control Company (AQCC), Tehran, Iran Davar Amani Department of Immunology, Medicine Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran Tooba Ghazanfari Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shahed University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran Nariman Mosaffa Department of Immunology, Medicine Faculty, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran 2020 05 02 2020 09 28 The presence of ambient particulate matter (PM) poses more dangers to human health than that of other common air pollutants such as Carbon dioxide (Co2) and ozone.  Epidemiologic studies show a direct correlation between PM and the risk of respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. The immune system seems to play a critical role in the process of these diseases. The main goal of this study was to investigate the effect of Tehran particulate matter in two aerodynamic diameters (PM2.5 and PM10) on alveolar macrophages (AM) from C57/BL6 mice. To evaluate the inflammatory effects of PMs, cultured alveolar, and peritoneal macrophages were treated with PM2.5 and PM10 (concentrations of 5 µg/mL and 10 µg/mL). Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and IL-10 (representatives of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines, respectively) were assessed in the culture supernatant by ELISA. Expression of arginase and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) genes was carried out by quantitative real-time PCR. Different functional types of cultured alveolar macrophages (M1, M2) were also determined in this study. Our results suggest that PM2.5 induces M1 inflammatory phenotype in comparison with PM10. We found Also, an increase in TNF-α and M1-related gene expression (iNOS), as well as a decrease in both IL-10 and M2 phenotype genes (Arginase). Moreover, a reduction in phagocytic capacity and increased apoptosis function of macrophage cells were detected. PM2.5 as a major component in hydrocarbons has a considerable effect on polarizing the alveolar macrophages to an inflammatory phenotype and eliciting lung inflammation in mice. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/2811

Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 19 6 2020 12 19 660 666 Marzieh Tavakol Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran Seyde Marzie Abhari Department of Pediatrics, Imam Ali Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran Fatemeh Moosaie School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mina Rasmi Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran Mahmood Bakhtiyari Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran Leila Keikavoosi-Arani Department of Healthcare Services Management, School of Health and Research Center for Health, Safety and Environment, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran Kiomars Poorrostami Department of Pediatrics, Imam Ali Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran Homa Sadri Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran AND Department of Pediatrics, Imam Ali Hospital, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran 2020 04 18 2020 08 31 Asthma is the most common chronic inflammatory respiratory disorder in children. This study was designed to assess the prevalence of asthma in 13-14-year-old adolescents in Karaj, Alborz province in Iran, using the international study of asthma and allergies in childhood (ISAAC) questionnaire. Totally 950 adolescents attending 40 schools located in 4 regions of Karaj city were enrolled in the survey. The Persian version of the ISAAC questionnaire was filled by 13-14-year-old students. Multi-stage clustered random sampling was used to divide the city of Karaj into four educational districts. Ever wheezing was reported in 22% of the individuals; 10.52% claimed to have wheeze in the last 12 months and 22.73% had during or after exercise. The experience of wheezing in the last 12 months was more prevalent among males (11.73% vs. 9.38%; p<0.05). However, having a history of asthma was higher among males (7.55% vs. 3.47%; p<0.05). History of hospitalization (60.8%), family history of asthma (49.4%), and history of food allergy (42.3%) were found to be the most frequent characteristics significantly associated with" ever wheezing" (p<0.05). The prevalence of wheezing in the last 12 months, as a major index of current asthma, was 10% which was close to the national average. However, nocturnal cough and exercise