Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 14 3 2015 10 18 292 297 EN Yipeng Ding Emergency Department of Hainan Provincial People’s Hospital , Haikou, 570102, China Hua Yang School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China Haiwu He Respiratory Department of Hainan Nongken Jeneral Hospital, Haikou, 570311 China Huifang Shi Respiratory Department of Hainan Nongken Jeneral Hospital, Haikou, 570311 China Ping He Emergency Department of Hainan Provincial People’s Hospital , Haikou, 570102, China Shouchun Yan Emergency Department of First People’s Hospital of Xi’an, Xi’an, 710002, China Tianbo Jin School of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China AND National Engineering Research Center for Miniaturized Detection Systems, Xi’an 710069, China 2015 10 18 2015 10 18 The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical significance of changes in the plasma  adiponectin  concentration  in  patients  with  bronchial  asthma  and  to  test  the association between the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs2241766 and rs1501299 in the ADIPOQ gene and bronchial asthma in the Chinese Li population.We selected 120 cases and 120 controls, and plasma adiponectin, interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor  necrosis  factor-alpha  (TNF-α)  levels  were  measured  by  enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). In addition, we genotyped two tag single nucleotide polymorphisms (tSNPs) and evaluated their association with bronchial asthma using the χ2 test and genetic model analysis.Compared to controls, patients with acute exacerbation of bronchial asthma showedsignificantly lower adiponectin and significantly higher IL-6 and TNF-α levels (p<0.01). Apositive association was found between the rs1501299 SNP and acute exacerbation (OR =1.62; 95% CI= 1.08-2.43; p= 0.019).The inverse correlation between the plasma adiponectin concentration and asthma exacerbation indicates that adiponectin may play a protective role in the pathogenesis of asthma. Meanwhile, our findings suggest that ADIPOQ polymorphisms influence the risk of developing bronchial asthma in Chinese Li population. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/570 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/570/455