Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 12 1 2013 03 15 50 56 EN Mohammad Saeid Rahiminejad Department of Pediatrics, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mehrdad Mirmohammad Sadeghi Department of Pediatrics, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Payam Mohammadinejad Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Bamdad Sadeghi Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hassan Abolhassani Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Mehdi Dehghani Firoozabadi Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Seyed Mohammad Fathi Department of Pediatrics, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hamid Rezvani Department of Pediatrics, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Gholamreza Bahoush Department of Pediatrics, Aliasghar Children's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Ali Ehsani Department of Pediatrics, Bahrami Children's Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Faranoush Department of Pediatrics, MAHAK Children's Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Azim Mehrvar Department of Pediatrics, MAHAK Children's Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Babak Torabi Sagvand Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mojtaba Ghadiani Department of Pediatrics, Taleghani Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Nima Rezaei Department of Pediatrics, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Asghar Aghamohammadi Department of Pediatrics, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2015 10 16 Coincidence of autoimmune diseases such as immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) with  immunodeficiencies has  been  reported  previously in  patients  who  suffered  from primary antibody deficiency (PAD). But there is no original study on immunological profiles of ITP patients to find out their probable immune deficiency. In this case-control study, ITP patients’ humoral immunity was investigated for diagnosis of PAD in comparison with normal population. To evaluate the humoral immune system against polysaccharide antigens, patients’ serum immunoglobulin levels were measured and a 23-valent pneumococcal  capsular polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) was administrated  to evaluate the antibody response to vaccination. In  this  study, 14 out  of  36 patients  (39%) were diagnosed with antibody mediated immune deficiency including 2 patients (5.5%) with immunoglobulin class deficiency and 4 (11%) with IgG subclass deficiency. The remaining patients suffered from specific antibody deficiency. The most frequent deficiency in ITP patients was specific antibody deficiency. Therefore, immunological survey on ITP patients may be important especially for those who have undergone splenectomy. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/535 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/535/469