Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 24 4 2025 06 26 428 440 Sahar Rahimi Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran Zahra Sayevand Department of Physical Education, Malayer Branch, Islamic Azad University, Malayer, Iran Leli Rezaie Kahkhaie Department of Internal Medicine, Amir Al Momenin Hospital, School of Medicine, Zabol University of Medical Sciences, Zabol, Iran Tayebeh Ahmadi Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Erbil, Iraq Atena Alifarsangi Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran 2024 11 04 2024 12 23 The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the essential role of a strong immune system in fighting infectious diseases. Understanding the relationship between exercise, physical activity, and immune function is crucial for recognizing how lifestyle factors can improve immune resilience. This review article aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the effects of exercise on the immune system during the COVID-19 pandemic. Additionally, it presents recommendations, guidelines, and considerations for engaging in physical activity during this period. Based on the literature review, there is some controversy regarding the effects of high-intensity exercise on individuals' immune systems, whereas moderate exercise is generally beneficial in almost all cases. Also, individuals experiencing severe COVID-19 symptoms or other acute illnesses should abstain from physical activity until recovery.  https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/4233 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/4233/2189