Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 23 5 2024 10 06 Research Progress of Immune Mechanisms Related to Persistent HPV Infection in CIN after Cervical Conization 467 475 Jingyi Yang Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China Fengxia Xue Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China 2024 03 10 2024 06 09 Persistent human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is associated with the grading of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), high-risk HPV infection, multiple HPV infections, high HPV load, HPV infection of surgical margin, and age in CIN after conization. The immune mechanism is complex and is primarily related to vaginal microecology disorders, immune escape, immune response impairment, and the release of regulatory cytokines. Currently, the treatment methods for postoperative persistent HPV infection include surgical treatment, antiviral treatment, vaccination, and other approaches. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/4047 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/4047/2113