Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 2 2 2003 06 15 95 100 Roya Yaraee Massoumeh Ebtekar A. Ahmadiani Farzanch Sabahi 2015 10 01 Neuropeptides, possessing specific and functional receptors on various cells of the immune system, have the potential to regulate immune responses; and the macrophages as important components of defense against various agents, are at their influence. In this study the effect of neuropeptides substance P (SP) and calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) on IL-1 beta production by herpes sim¬plex type-1 (HSV-1 )-infected and also uninfected mouse peritoneal macrophages were considered. Each neuropeptide separately has upregulated IL-1 beta produc¬tion by HSV-1 infected macrophages with the greatest effect at the concentrations of 10'9M for both SP and CGRP, but no synergistic effect on IL-1 production has been observed in the presence of both neuropeptides at optimal concentrations. IL-ip production by uninfected macrophages was also moderately enhanced in the presence of each neuropeptide, but not in the presence of both neuropeptides simultaneously. It can be concluded that IL-1 S3 production, which is part of mac¬rophage mediated inflammatory response to HSV-1, is enhanced by specific doses of neuropeptides. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/40 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/40/40