Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 21 5 2022 10 26 574 583 Leila Taheran Anesthesiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hakimeh Zali Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Kazem Sharifi Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohsen Yazdani Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Ajoudanian Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mir-Shahram Safari Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Samira Rajaei Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ali Dabbagh Anesthesiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2022 05 15 2022 08 27 Dutasteride was potentially proposed to control chronic pain by Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) inhibition through its effect on TLR4 expression, Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MyD88), Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), secretory Interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and nitric oxide (NO) in the Lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-stimulated U-87 MG cell line. Human astrocytoma U-87 MG cell line was cultured and incubated with 10 μg/mL of LPS for 24 hours to create a neuro-inflammation model, using two different treatment approaches. The first approach included LPS treatment for 24 hours, followed by dutasteride (20 μg/mL) incubation for the next 72 hours. In the second treatment approach, the cells were co-incubated with LPS and dutasteride for 72 hours. Expression of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κBp65, and secretory IL-1 was evaluated by Western blotting while expression of NO was assessed by NO assay. TLR4, MyD88, NF-κBp65, and secretory IL-1β levels increased in LPS-treated cells after 24 hours. Dutasteride significantly decreased the secretion of NO and also, the levels of TLR4, MyD88, and NF-κBp65 in both treatment approaches. No difference in IL-1β level was seen with the second treatment approach. Dutasteride has anti-inflammatory properties and probably analgesic effects, by mechanisms different from conventional analgesics. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/3547 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/3547/1884