Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 11 1 2012 03 15 37 50 EN Katarina Stavric University Children Hospital Skopje, Republic of Macedonia Sonja Peova University Children Hospital Skopje, Republic of Macedonia Dejan Trajkov Institute of Immunobiology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University "Ss Cyril and Methodius", Skopje, Republic of Macedonia Mirko Spiroski Institute of Immunobiology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University "Ss Cyril and Methodius", Skopje, Republic of Macedonia 2015 10 01 Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronically relapsing skin disease associated with abnormal cytokine production, and activation of T-helper 2 cells. The aim if this study was to determine whether cytokine gene polymorphisms might influence the development of AD. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the genes for I-L1alpha, IL-1beta, IL-1R, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, TGF beta, TNF and IFNgamma were investigated by PCR and sequence specific primers in Macedonian patients with AD (67 children, age of 6 months to 5 years) and  301 normal  unrelated  individuals. Susceptible cytokine polymorphisms  for  AD  for eleven genotypes (IL-4 -33/T:T  IL-4 -1098/G:G, TGFbeta cdn25C:G,    IL-4 -1098/T:T,  IL-1alpha -889/C:T, IL-2 +166/T:T, IL-1beta -511/C:T, IL-12 -1188/C:T, IL-10 -1082/A:G, IL-1beta +3962/C:T, IFNgamma +874/A:T), five diplotypes, six haplotypes, and for alleles were found. Protective cytokine polymorphisms for AD for seven cytokine genotypes (IL-4 -1098/G:T,  TGFbeta  cdn25/G:G,  IL-4  -33/C:C,  IL-1alpha -889/C:C,  IFNgamma  +874/A:A, IL-10 -1082/A:A,   IL-1beta -511/C:C), one cytokine diplotypes, two cytokine haplotypes, and four cytokine alleles were also found. We concluded that several cytokine polymorphisms are protective, or susceptible associated with AD in population of Macedonians. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/329 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/329/329