Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 21 2 2022 04 11 189 196 EN Alireza Asef Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hossein Ali Ghafaripour Pediatric Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hamidreza Jamaati Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mohammad Varahram Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ian M. Adcock Cell and Molecular Biology Group, Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK AND Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia Esmaeil Mortaz Clinical Tuberculosis and Epidemiology Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Chronic Respiratory Diseases Research Center, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2021 03 09 2021 10 04 Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common lethal autosomal recessive disease in white Caucasians. It affects many organs including the lung, pancreas, and liver. Whilst CF is a monogenic disease, several studies revealed a complex relationship between genotype and clinical phenotype of diseases. We examined the expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II alleles among Iranian CF patients with disease-related microbial infection. This study was conducted on 50 hospitalized CF patients (27 males, 23 females aged 15.5±6.5 years), and 50 healthy age- and gender-matched control subjects. 5ml whole blood was harvested and after isolation of genomic DNA, HLA-DRB1 subtypes were determined by single specific primer polymerase chain reaction methods. HLA-DRB1*10 was less frequent and HLA-DRB1*04 and HLA-DRB1*11 was the most frequent allele in CF patients, but none reached significance. HLA-DRB1*04 allele was frequently seen among16 CF patients with high serum IgE levels (430.25±219.7 IU/mL) and 27 CF patients that were positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa colonization. A total of 31 CF patients had candida Albicans colonization in whom HLA-DRB1*11 was mostly seen. A total of 3 CF patients had allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and two were diabetic. The DR4 and DR11 serotypes that recognize the HLA-DRB1*04 and HLA-DRB1*11 gene products respectively are not significantly enriched in the Iranian CF population. Further research should be conducted on DR4 and DR11 in CF patients to understand their possible role in infection and IgE expression. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/3145 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/3145/1830