Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 20 6 2021 12 08 734 739 Ali Kouhi Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Amir A'lam Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Sahar Shakeri Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Amir A'lam Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Nasrin Yazdani Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Amir A'lam Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Niloufar Shababi Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Amir A'lam Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Anita Mohseni Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Amir A'lam Hospital Complex, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Alireza Mohseni Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Amir A'lam Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Maryam Sadr Molecular Immunology Research Center, Children’s Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Mahsa Mohammad Amoli Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Amir A'lam Hospital, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Arezoo Rezaei Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children’s Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Nima Rezaei Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children’s Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Sheffield, UK 2020 07 10 2021 08 02 Meniere’s disease (MD) is known as a rare chronic disorder of the inner ear with elevated serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines like tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, Interleukin (IL)-1, and IL-6. This study aims to evaluate genes polymorphism in some pro-inflammatory cytokines in a group of Iranian MD patients compared to the healthy controls. In this case-control study, 25 MD patients and 139 healthy controls were enrolled. DNA was extracted from blood samples, and single nucleotide polymorphisms were detected using polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers assay. MD patients and controls were examined in terms of allele, genotype, and haplotype frequency of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes. Only the frequencies of alleles A/G at position -238 in the promoter of the TNF-α gene differed significantly between MD patients and healthy controls. G to A allele ratio was 23 and 3.6 in MD and controls, respectively. In individuals with MD, genotype GG was found to be significantly more prevalent at position -238 of the TNF-α gene promoter sequence. In addition, the heterozygote AG variant of -238 A/G TNF-α gene polymorphism was lower in MD patients than controls. Compared to the control group, the haplotype TNF- (-308, -238) AG was higher in MD patients, although not statistically significant. This is the first study that we know of that evaluates the frequencies of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes in an Iranian MD sample. This study shows the association between TNF-α and susceptibility to MD. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/2898 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/2898/1762