Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 19 4 2020 08 25 323 336 Amir Hossein Mansourabadi Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Ladan Gol Mohammad pour Afrakoti Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Abbas Shabanian Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran AND Students Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Reza Shabanian 3 Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Children’s Medical Center Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Aliakbar Amirzargar Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2019 09 14 2020 04 02 Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium with lymphocyte infiltration and myocyte necrosis leading to a wide range of clinical presentations including heart failure, arrhythmia, and cardiogenic shock. Infectious and noninfectious agents may trigger the disease. The fact that immunosuppressive drugs are useful in several kinds of autoimmune myocarditis is proof of the autoimmune mechanisms involved in the development of myocarditis. Pathogenic mechanisms in myocardial inflammation are including inflammasome activation followed by myocyte destruction, myocarditis, and pericarditis. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is a serum product made up of immunoglobulins, widely used in a variety of diseases. This product is effective in several immune-mediated pathologies. As well as the determined usage of IVIG in Kawasaki disease, IVIG may be useful in several kinds of heart failure including fulminant myocarditis, acute inflammatory cardiomyopathy, Giant Cell Myocarditis, and peripartum cardiomyopathy. Generally, IVIG is used in two different doses of low dose (200 to 400 mg/kg) and high dose (2 g/kg) regimen. The exact therapeutic effects of IVIG are not clear, however over the last decades, our knowledge about its mechanism of function has greatly enhanced. IVIG administration should be based on the accepted protocols of its transfusion. In this review article, we try to provide an overview of the different kinds of myocarditis, pathologic mechanisms and their common treatments and evaluation of the administration of IVIG in these diseases. Furthermore, we will review current protocols using IVIG in each disease individually. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/2520