Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 19 S1 2020 05 17 83 90 Mansoureh Togha Department of Headache, Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Soodeh Razeghi Jahromi Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Zeinab Ghorbani Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Center, Heshmat Hospital, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran Amir Ghaemi Department of Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran Pegah Rafiee Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran 2019 07 02 2019 12 30 Due to inconclusive findings of previous researches, we aimed to evaluate inflammatory state biomarkers in episodic and chronic migraineurs (EM and CM patients) compared to headache-free controls in the current study. Seventy-one migraine patients and 19 age-sex-matched controls were recruited. After obtaining demographic data and recording headache characteristics, blood samples were gathered and analyzed to evaluate the serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6. Serum levels of IL-6, CRP and TNF-α were significantly higher among subjects with CM than the EM and controls. Further, positive correlations were noted for number of headache days/month and serum IL-6 (r=0.53, p<0.001), CRP (r=0.62, p<0.001), and TNF-α (r=0.58, p<0.001). In sum, according to current findings, a pro-inflammatory state was detected among chronic and episodic migraineurs compared to healthy control, as revealed by augmented concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL6, CRP, and TNF-α). It was also underlined that with increasing levels of inflammatory factors, headaches tended to be more chronic. However, in order to confirm the hypothesis that neuroinflammation plays a role in migraine pain genesis, long-term cohort studies and well-designed experimental and randomized controlled trials are required. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/2448