Tehran University of Medical Sciences Iranian Journal of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology 1735-1502 17 1 2018 02 26 78 84 EN Abbas Arj Department of Gastroentrology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Mohsen Razavizadeh Department of Gastroentrology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Hanieh Mohammadi Student Research Committee, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran Hassan Nikoueinejad Nephrology and Urology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran Hossein Akbari Department of Community Medicine, Kashan University of medical sciences, Kashan, Iran 2017 03 07 2017 07 10 Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic relapsing inflammatory bowel disease, yet its etiology as well as pathogenesis remain poorly understood. There is increasing evidence that aberrant expression of CD4+T lymphocytes plays an essential role in the progression of different pathologies such as UC. This study aimed to evaluate the circulatory frequency of T-helper 22 (Th22), a subset of CD4+ T cells, and serum level of its signature cytokine, IL-22, in patients with UC. Blood samples from 30 patients with UC and 30 controls (n=30) were tested for IL-22 level and circulatory Th22-cell count by ELISA and Flow cytometric analysis, respectively. Our results revealed higher serum level of IL-22 as well as circulatory frequency of Th22 cells in patients with UC compared to those in healthy controls. Notably, effective factors on severity of the disease were age, Th22, IL-22, ESR and CRP. We conclude that elevated circulating Th22 cells and their signature cytokine, IL-22, may be implicated in the pathogenesis of UC. These findings may provide preliminary experimental clues for the development of new therapies for UC and its severity judgment. https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/view/1352 https://ijaai.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijaai/article/download/1352/806